GMAT Graduate Management Admission Test (2022) Questions and Answers

The level of nitrates was measured and recorded for 10 water samples taken at the bottom of a certain lake and for 10 water samples taken at the surface of the same lake. Was the standard deviation of the measurements from the bottom samples greater than the standard deviation of the measurements from the surface samples?

(1) The least of the measurements from the bottom samples exceeded the greatest of the measurements from the surface samples.

(2) The range of the measurements from the bottom samples was greater than the range of the measurements from the surface samples.

If x, y, and z are positive integers and x3y4 = z, what is the value of x?

(1)

y = 2

(2)

z = 2,000

Beginning at noon yesterday, water was removed from a partially filled water tank at a constant rate of 300 liters per hour. When there were 600 liters of water left in the tank, no more water was removed from the tank. Were there more than 1,000 liters of water in the tank at noon yesterday?

(1) There were 600 liters of water in the tank at 2:00 yesterday afternoon.

(2) There were more than 650 liters of water in the tank at 1:00 yesterday afternoon.

At a certain corporation, the planning committee has 23 members and the finance committee has 20 members. If a total of 21 people are members of only one of the two committees, how many are members of both committees?

The average (arithmetic mean) of a list of 5 numbers is 50. The sum of 2 numbers in the list is 70 and the sum of 2 other numbers in the list is 110. What is the remaining number in

the list?

Under United States law, a distinctive package design can be legally protected against copying. Lorex shampoo, a leading brand, is packaged in a triangular-shaped bottle with a gold label. A major pharmacy chain has introduced a similar, less expensive shampoo in similarly shaped bottles with plain black-and-white labels carrying the chain's name. Though the triangular shape is distinctive, the manufacturer of Lorex has not legally challenged its use for the chain's shampoo.

Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest reason for the manufacturer of Lorex not to challenge the chain's use of the triangular package design?

Researchers studying long-term changes In regional mouse populations have found that by focusing on the populations of a rare but widespread and easily identifiable species of mouse (Species X), they can make fairly accurate estimations about the total regional mouse populations.

In a report on a recent study that Included the data tables that follow, the researchers provided some addenda:

1. The Species X population of Region CV increased by 123,995 between 1990 and 2005.

2. In contrast, the Species X population of Region EW declined by about 52% during that same time.

For each of the following regions, select Ye$\i the region's Species X population decreased from 1960 to 1975 AND the region's total mouse population exceeded 50 million In 1975. Otherwise, select No.

The color red has been shown to induce greater aggression in people than the

color blue. Researchers conducted a study to determine whether such colorinduced aggression could influence the amount that consumers were willing to

pay for an identical product in online auction and online negotiation scenarios.

The researchers photographed a single item against each of four background

colors: blue, gray, white, and red. Using a computer, each participant in the study

viewed the item against exactly one of the four background colors. Half of the

participants were told the item was up for auction and were asked to submit their

highest bid for the item. The other half of the participants were told to negotiate

a price with the seller and were asked to offer the highest amount that they

would be willing to pay for the item.

The researchers expected that participants who viewed the red background

would typically behave more aggressively than those who viewed the blue

background, Among the auction group, the researchers hypothesized that more

aggressive participants would submit higher bids as they tried to beat other

potential bidders, Among the negotiation group, the researchers hypothesized

that more aggressive participants would make lower offers as they tried to

compete against the seller to get the best deal.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the relationship

between the study's results and the researchers’ hypotheses?

A region in a plane is said to be convex if, for every two points in the region, the line segment joining the two points is completely contained in the region. If a sector of a circle has a central angle with degree measure m > 0, which of the following determines the set of all values of m (less than 360) for which the sector is convex?

A certain municipality is deliberating over whether it will adopt a policy that would require it to have a balanced budget each year. Proponents prefer the policy because it would keep the municipality from spending more money than it receives, but critics argue that the policy should allow for exceptions so the municipality can respond to crises that might temporarily require spending beyond that amount.

From among the options below, select for Response to the critics and for Reply to that response two statements such that the first, if true, most strongly undermines the critics' argument and the second, if true, is the critics' strongest reply to that response. Make only two selections, one in each column.

At a carnival game, a winning player spins a wheel that always lands on either Prize 1 or Prize 2 to determine which of the two prizes he or she wins. The probability that the prize wheel indicates Prize 2 Is double the probability that It indicates Prize 1. If a player does not want the prize that the prize wheel first indicates, then he or she may spin the wheel again. In such cases, the player must accept whichever prize the prize wheel indicates on the second spin.

Select for Prize I the number nearest to the probability that a winning player who wants Prize 1 will receive Prize 1 after one or two spins of the prize wheel, and select for Prize ^the number nearest to the probability that a winning player who wants Prize 2 will receive Prize 2 after one or two spins of the prize wheel. Make only two selections, one in each column.

Which one of the following is the total number of bowls found at Site B that have no Identified artisan?

A certain small company has a policy that every manager must be scheduled to be present at the company's office at any time during which all of the manager's supervisees

are scheduled to be present at the office. The shifts of the three supervisees of a certain manager, in 24-hour format, are as follows:

* Employee 1—Scheduled to be present from 11:30 through 16:00 every business day

* Employee 2—Scheduled to be present from 9:00 through 14:30 every business day

* Employee 3—Scheduled to be present from 10:30 through 13:30 every business day

Indicate below the earliest time and the latest time at which, based on the information provided, the manager must be scheduled to be present at the office on every

business day. Make only two selections, one in each column.

The graph shows the total annual revenue. In US dollars (US$), from sales of each of 2 competing health-care products for 10 consecutive years. Product 1 was first sold In Year 1, and Product 2 was first sold ki Year 2.

From each drop-down menu, select the option that creates the most accurate statement based on the information provided.

Many companies today are making new product development a central element of their competitive strategy. Because the potential benefits of successful product innovation are great—prolonged growth, superior financial returns, and strong investor interest-many companies offer employees incentives such as promotions and bonuses for developing new products, incentives not offered for innovations in other areas of the business, firms' priorities can also be shaped by their measurement systems, since these systems can directly measure returns from new products more immediately than they can measure returns from investments in such areas as organizational restructuring or innovations in marketing.

But the organizational culture of such companies can hurt them in the marketplace because a narrow focus on product development can ultimately detract from a firm's performance. For instance, a company's ability to profit from new products can be severely hampered if it has neglected other functions and business processes. If a company develops a superior new product but is unable to distribute and promote t rapidly, competitors with better distribution systems may copy the product and introduce It into the market before the innovator can profit from its innovation. In contrast, effective distribution, marketing, and accounting systems-that is, strong overall business systems -can act as entry barriers, deterring would-be competitors from entering a particular

It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about organizational culture?

Many companies today are making new product development a central element of their competitive strategy. Because the potential benefits of successful product innovation are great—prolonged growth, superior financial returns, and strong investor interest-many companies offer employees incentives such as promotions and bonuses for developing new products, incentives not offered for innovations in other areas of the business, firms' priorities can also be shaped by their measurement systems, since these systems can directly measure returns from new products more immediately than they can measure returns from investments in such areas as organizational restructuring or innovations in marketing.

But the organizational culture of such companies can hurt them in the marketplace because a narrow focus on product development can ultimately detract from a firm's performance. For instance, a company's ability to profit from new products can be severely hampered if it has neglected other functions and business processes. If a company develops a superior new product but is unable to distribute and promote t rapidly, competitors with better distribution systems may copy the product and introduce It into the market before the innovator can profit from its innovation. In contrast, effective distribution, marketing, and accounting systems-that is, strong overall business systems -can act as entry barriers, deterring would-be competitors from entering a particular

The passage suggests which of the following about companies' investment in the development of new products?

Acme Software plans to release a partial version of its X software, which will be the same as the full version except that some features will be disabled and K wM cost half as much. Company executives believe marketing both products at once will substantially increase profits. They think some customers who would not have bought the full version will buy the partial version. Profits from seeing to those customers, they believe, will exceed the money lost by selling the partial version to customers who would have paid more for the full version if it were the only one avalabie.

Which of the following would, if true, provide the strongest reason to doubt that Acme Software's plan will result in higher profits?

Until the Apollo astronauts brought samples of lunar material to Earth during 196£-72, scientists believed that the Moon's surface was largely undisturbed, given its dry, airless environment. Examination of the samples has shown otherwise. Micrometeorites, many smaller than a pencil point, constantly rain onto the Moon at up to 100,000 kilometers per hour, chipping materials or forming microscopic craters. Some melt the soil and vaporize and recondense as glassy coats on other specks of dust. Impacts weld debris into lumps of heterogeneous matter called "agglutinates." Complicated interactions with solar particle streams convert iron into myriads of microscopic iron grains. The regdith—pebbles, sand, and dust-from these erosion processes blankets the Moon. Much of the top layer consists of a complex abrasive dust of microscopic glass shards that can grind machinery and sealing devices and damage human lungs.

The Apollo specimens held by the United States are doled out in ultra-small samples to scientists who demonstrate that nothing else will suffice for high-value experiments. Renewed interest In lunar exploration in the late 1980s meant that materials designed to simulate lunar regolith—simulants—were needed for research to develop schemes for lunar building and procedures for extracting elements such as oxygen found abundantly in regolith. That led to the development of JSC-1 in 1993, made of volcanic cinder cone from a quarry in Arizona in the U.S. The more than 22 metric tons made was in high demand. Efforts are now afoot to manufacture 16 metric tons of JSC-1 A, with 1 ton of fine grains, 14 tons of moderately fine, and 1 ton of coarse.

The information in the passage most strongly supports which of the following claims about the samples of lunar material brought back from the Moon by the Apollo astronauts?

Scientists for whose experiments JSC-1A would suffice are not regarded as entitled to obtain material from the samples.

Upon entering the mayor's outer office, one is immediately greeted by a mural of local historical images, for which several are repeated in other paintings, the sofa pillows, a patchwork quilt, and crafted items enclosed in a locked glass case.

Allergies are on the rise in industrialized nations because improved hygiene has eliminated the microbes that, upon exposure, prompt infants' allergy-iihWrjng immune-system responses. Any ill effects of the rise in allergies, however, have been more than offset by the reduction in infant mortality caused by the elimination of pathogens. Further, current research suggests that future atergy-prevention therapies will compensate for the absence of beneficial microbes.

The statements above, 4 true, most strongly support which of the following?

In a certain corporation, the ratio of the number of vice presidents to the number of directors is equal to the ratio of the number of directors to the number of senior-level managers. If there are 8 vice presidents and 12 directors in the corporation, what is the ratio of the number of vice presidents to the number of senior-level managers?

Today a certain cinema multiplex has exactly two showings (an early showing and a late showing) for each of five films (Rims A, B, C, D, and E). All of these showings occur after noon, and each showing consists of the film only, with no previews, announcements, or advertisements. The following gives the duration of each film and the start time for each showing:

• Film A (90 minutes); 3:45 and 5:30

• Film B (100 minutes); 1:30 and 7:15

• Film C (105 minutes); 2:00 and 6:00

• Film D (115 minutes); 5:00 and 8:00

• Film E (125 minutes); 12:15 and 7:00

Statement: The early showing of Rim ---------1 overlaps with at least part of both showings of Film ----------2.

Select for / and for 2 the options that complete the statement so that It Is accurate of the showings listed in the Information provided. Make only two selections, one in each column.

At his high school, Marlon is the only member of the track team who is also a member of the tennis team. His weight of 68.5 kilograms is the median weight of the 9 members of the track team and is also the median weight of the 7 members of the tennis team. If the total weight of the members of both teams is 960 kilograms, then the median weight of the members of both teams is how many kilograms greater than the average (arithmetic mean) weight of the members of both teams?

Eric bought 7 T-shirts, each at the retail price of $6.91. If he paid a 6% sales tax on the total of the retail prices of the 7 T-shirts, what was the total amount, including tax, he paid for the T-shirts?

In Moldova in 1979, Russian was claimed as a native language by a large proportion of Jews (66 percent), ethnic Belarusians (62 percent), and bv a significant proportion of ethnic Ukrainians (30 percent).

Which of the following statements concerning the valence model and the approach-withdrawal model most accurately reflects information provided in the passage?

The author of the passage most clearly agrees with the claim that the ancestor of

all Indo-European languages

If we are to develop a theory of how social factors influence the evolution of languages, both the system of social network that deter mines the spread of individual changes, plus the role of dialects and

By understanding the fundamental nature of human immune response, scientists can both study ways to reduce excessive activity of the immune system. such as occur in

autoimmune diseases like diabetes, and to amplify the immune response, as a new way of fighting diseases like cancer.

That subculture was an enduring fixture In Tsarist times, during the Russian Revolution, the times of the Soviet Union, during the transition to post-soviet society—and it continues to exist in Russian society today.

West River Glen is deciding which network architecture should replace its old copper telephone lines. The town will replace 300 miles of Outside Plant (OSP) cable that will serve approximately 2,500 homes.

The first option is to install a Fiber to the Home (FTTH) system architecture that uses fiber-optic cable to transmit signals from the source to each home. The advantages of this architecture include greater bandwidth capabilities, less signal loss, and slightly lower new-cable deployment costs than the second option. Hybrid Fiber-Coax (HFC).

An HFC network integrates fiber-optic cables and devices with coaxial cables.

This will cost the town substantially less money for internal equipment and for customer installations. However, the coaxial cable does not last as long as fiberoptic cable and will thus need to be replaced more frequently, resulting in higher long-term maintenance expenses.

The town believes that either the FTTH or HFC architectures will be capable of serving the communities' data and television needs for the next 30 years.

For each of the following statements, select Supported'if the statement is supported by the information given. Otherwise, select Not supported.

A city's chamber of commerce has the following goal for small businesses: revenue should be at least 20% greater than costs. The Venn diagram indicates that x is the number of small businesses that both in Year 1 and in Year 2 met the goal. The diagram also indicates that 53 - x is the number of small businesses that met the goal in Year 1 but not in Year 2, and that 47 - x is the number of small businesses that met the goal in Year 2 but not in Year 1.

At 10-year intervals from 1950 through 2010, the graph shows the total number of passengers, in millions, on the railway system of Nation X. From each drop-down menu, select the option that creates the most accurate statement based on the information provided.

In a certain nursery, 15 percent of the plants developed a fungus and died. If 40 percent of the plants that developed the fungus did not die, what percent of the plants in the nursery developed the fungus?

Consider all positive integers a, 6, and c such that 135 is a factor of each of the expressions 15a, 254, and 30c. What is the greatest common factor of all possible sums. a+b+c?

P, Q, and R are points in the xy-coordinate plane. If the coordinates of Q are (2,3), what is the length of line segment PQ?

(1)

The length of line segment QR is 3.

(2)

The length of line segment PR is 3.

Of the 45 households in a certain neighborhood, 28 subscribe to Newspaper Q, 17 subscribe to Newspaper R, 12 subscribe to Newspaper S, 7 subscribe to both Q and R, 8 subscribe to both Q and 5, and 9 subscribe to both R and 5. The number of households who subscribe to all three newspapers is equal to the number of households who subscribe to none of the three newspapers. If 39 of the households subscribe to at least one of the three newspapers, how many households subscribe to only one of the newspapers?

If the perimeter of triangle AXB is 11, which of the following could be the length of side AB?

A company uses 0.001232 kilogram of a certain material for each bolt it manufactures. If the company used 10 kilograms of the material yesterday, approximately how many bolts did it manufacture that day?

A certain company's yearly revenue was 20% less in 2005 than in 2004 and 10% greater in 2006 than in 2005. If the company's yearly revenue in 2007 was equal to its yearly revenue In 2004, which of the following is closest to the percent increase in the company's yearly revenue from 2006 to 2007 ?

Many oppose the national economic planning program that the government is Initiating because they fear that It will Impair the ability of corporations to make rational economic choices. But that program will never work anyway. There Is no reason, therefore, to expect the negative effect those people fear.

The Sanpoil, a Native American tribe of the central Plateau west of the Rocky Mountains, sought peace constantly, and not only avoided war and feuds with neighboring peoples and among one another, but also they refused to retaliate if attacked.

Which of the following, if true, would most undermine the reasoning offered for the claim that gray markets can in certain conditions lead to increased profits among authorized retailers?

The photographic technique used to detect celestial objects that are fainter than what is visible to the unaided eve, allowing large areas of the sky to be covered bv a single exposure, achieves a high resolution useful in examining structural details, and provides a permanent record.

It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following occurs when a salesperson employs the top-down sales tactic and does not occur when the bottom-up sales tactic is employed?

An orchestra conductor « planning the group's next concert. The orchestra will play a total of 3 pieces, and the conductor requires the total playing time of the 3 pieces to be at least 90 minutes but no more than 120 minutes. The pieces the conductor is considering are listed below with the approximate playing time.

First the orchestra will play one of two preludes:

• Prelude A (10 minutes)

• Prelude 8 (28 minutes)

Next they will play one of two classical piano concertos:

• Concerto A (32 minutes)

• Concerto B (48 minutes)

Finally they will play one of two romantic symphonies:

• Symphony A (35 minutes)

• Symphony B (41 minutes)

Based on these approximate lengths, select for Piece X and for Piece K two different pieces so that Piece X will be played before Piece Y, and if the conductor chooses Piece X, then in of def to comply with the given time constraints, the conductor must also choose Piece Y. Make only two selections, one in each column.

Executive: For this year, our firm's advertising budget for Brand X is four times that for last year, but only half that for the year before last. For each year, for each of our

brands, our advertising budget is 10 percent of the average (arithmetic mean) of two amounts: the brand's projected sales for the year and the brand's actual sales for the

preceding year. Actual sales of Brand X last year were $5.23 million.

Statement A: Given the executive's statements, a journalist could infer what this year's advertising budget for Brand X is if she knew what the amount of

was.

Statement B: Given the knowledge of this year's advertising budget for Brand X, if the reporter also knew Brand X's actual sales for the year before last, she could also

infer :

Select for A and for 8 two different options that, if inserted in the blanks, create statements that are supported by the statements attributed to the executive. Make only

two selections, one in each column.

In order to better control traffic at a certain busy intersection, a study was conducted to determine how many vehicles passed through the intersection during various times of day and what trajectories they took. For each possible trajectory (combination of direction from which a vehicle entered the intersection and direction to which it exited the Intersection), the graph shows the number of vehicles passing through the intersection during a certain hour.

The Red Balloon Challenge was an experiment aimed at determining how quickly widely disbursed information could be gathered using social media. Competitors tried to locate 10 red weather balloons that had been tethered above random locations around the world in return for a $40,000 prize. The winning team located all of the balloons in just 9 hours, using an incentive-based strategy to encourage information sharing; The first person to send the correct coordinates of a particular balloon to the team received $2,000, but whoever recruited that person received $1,000, and the recruiter's recruiter received S500, and that person's recruiter received $250.

Select for 3 payments per balloon the amount of the prize money that the winning team would have remaining if they had to pay 3 people for each balloon located, and select for 4 payments per balloon the amount of the prize money that the winning team would have remaining if they had to pay 4 people for each balloon located. Make only two selections, one in each column.

Journal

The editor of Metathesis, a new academic journal of literature, manages the peer-review of articles submitted for publication. The journal accepts articles focusing on any of three general subject areas: comparative literature, modernist literature, and postcolonial literature.

When an article is submitted, the editor has the article peer-reviewed by exactly three experts, none of whom authored or coauthored the article. The table (see the Reviewers/Authors tab) consists of all the authors or coauthors who have recently submitted articles and all the experts who currently peer-review or have recently peer-reviewed those articles. It also lists the general subject areas for each of the authors and reviewers.

Each author of each submitted article specializes in the general subject area of the article. Moreover, each recently submitted article was peer-reviewed by experts listed in the table.

Review Rules

Suppose that Farkas and Kenyatta were both selected as reviewers for a certain recently submitted article. For each of the following statements, select YesM the statement must be true, based on this supposition and the Information provided. Otherwise, select No.