1z0-1093-25 Oracle Cloud Database Services 2025 Professional Questions and Answers

Schema-less in NoSQL:

This means you don't need to define a rigid, fixed structure before data insertion. Each record can have its own structure, allowing flexibility for evolving data models. This is useful for unstructured or semi-structured data.

Why the other options are incorrect:

B:This describes relational databases.

C:This describes the structured nature of SQL databases.

D:While binary formats may be used, schema-less refers to the logical, not physical, structure.

C. Underlying database architecture and scalability characteristics:

Thearchitecture and scalabilityof Oracle NoSQL Database Cloud Service are inherent to the platform and do not change based on the SDK.

SDKs are designed to providelanguage-specific interfacesfor data interaction but do not alter the core architecture.

Whether using Java, Python, or another SDK, the database'ssharding, replication, and consistencycharacteristics remain constant.

Why the other options are impacted:

A. Query syntax:SDKs may offer different syntax or query formats.

B. Authentication method:Varies between SDKs, e.g., API keys vs. IAM tokens.

D. Error handling:Each SDK may implement error handling differently, influencing how exceptions are processed.

Tagging in Database Management:

Tags in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure are essential fororganizing and managing resources.

Grouping Databases (A):Tags allow databases to be grouped logically, simplifying management and performance analysis.

Filtering and Searching (C):Tags make it easier to find specific databases within theDatabase Management console, improving efficiency in large environments.

Why the other options are incorrect:

B:Tags do not propagate automatically; they must be configured properly.

D:Tags are actively used in Database Management for organizing and filtering.

C. Each data item is uniquely identified by a key, and the associated value can be any data type or structure.

Key-Value Data Model:

The key-value model is fundamentally based on a simple association between a unique key and its corresponding value.

The value can be a simple data type (string, number) or a complex structure (like JSON).

Oracle NoSQL Database Cloud Service uses this model to ensure efficient, scalable data access.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. Organized into tables with schemas:This represents a relational database model.

B. Stored as JSON documents:Although NoSQL can store JSON, the fundamental model is still key-value.

D. Relationships defined through foreign keys and joins:This is typical of relational databases.

E. Graph format with nodes and edges:Represents a graph database model, not key-value.

Performance Hub Real-Time SQL Monitoring:

ThePerformance Hubin Oracle Database Management provides detailed real-time monitoring of SQL queries, including:

Physical Reads (A):Measures the number of physical I/O operations performed by a SQL statement.

Average Active Sessions (B):Reflects the number of sessions actively performing database operations, giving insights into workload and bottlenecks.

These metrics help database administratorsanalyze query performanceand detect issues in real-time.

Why the other options are incorrect:

C:Number of CPUs is a hardware metric, not part of SQL monitoring.

D:Database version is static information, not a performance metric.

C. Using Oracle Data Guard with asynchronous replication to a different availability domain within the same region.

Asynchronous Replication:

Minimizes performance impact while ensuring data protection.

Placing standby in the same region reduces latency and cost.

Fast switchover reduces RTO.

Why the other options are less effective:

A. Full backups:Time-consuming for recovery.

B. Synchronous to a remote region:Increases latency and cost.

D. Incremental backups:Slower recovery process.

E. Custom script:Complex and less reliable than Data Guard.

A. Automatically optimizing query execution plans for best performance.

Query Optimization:

Query optimization is handled by the database engine itself, not the SDK.

SDKs are primarily focused on providing an interface for data operations, not on internal query optimization.

Why the other options are typical SDK functions:

B. Constructing requests:SDKs facilitate building and sending data manipulation requests.

C. Serializing data:Converting data between application objects and database formats is a core SDK function.

D. Handling pagination:SDKs often include utilities to manage large result sets.

C. Accessing data using the unique key:

Oracle NoSQL Database Cloud Service follows akey-value data model.

Data is accessed directly using aunique key, which is highly efficient for lookups.

The value associated with the key can be simple or complex (e.g., JSON objects).

Provides fast read and write operations.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. SQL with joins:Typical of relational databases, not NoSQL.

B. Graph traversal:Relevant to graph databases, not key-value stores.

D. Full-text indexing:Not the primary access method in key-value databases.

E. Predefined schema:NoSQL databases generally supportschema-lessdata storage.

C. OCI Object Storage:

The primary storage service for database backups within OCI.

Offers high durability, availability, and scalability.

Integrated with Oracle's automated backup solutions for BaseDB.

Suitable for both short-term and long-term storage of database backups.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. OCI Block Volume:Used for primary database storage, not long-term backups.

B. OCI File Storage:Typically used for file system-based workloads, not for database backups.

D. OCI Archive Storage:Suitable for long-term archival but not the primary backup destination.

E. OCI Data Transfer Service:Used for bulk data migration into OCI, not for backup storage.

C. MySQL Shell Upgrade Checker Utility:

The utility analyzes MySQL instances for compatibility with newer versions, such as MySQL 8.0 used by HeatWave.

It checks for:

Syntax differences

Data type mismatches

Deprecated features

The tool outputs a report highlighting issues that may impact migration to HeatWave.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. MySQL Enterprise Monitor:Focuses on monitoring performance, not compatibility.

B. Oracle SQL Developer:Primarily used for database development, not upgrade checks.

D. Oracle Cloud Advisor:Provides cloud optimization recommendations, not MySQL compatibility checks.

E. MySQL Workbench:A visual tool for database design and administration, not specifically for upgrade assessment.

C. Intelligent Storage Capabilities:

The Exadata Storage Server Software enhances data processing at the storage layer.

Key features include:

Smart Scan:Offloads SQL processing to storage.

Compression:Reduces data size and improves I/O efficiency.

Encryption:Protects data at rest.

This software significantly boosts database performance by reducing data transfer to the compute nodes.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. VM management:Handled by OCI infrastructure.

B. OS and management software:Not related to Exadata Storage Server Software.

D. Load balancing:Handled by Oracle RAC or OCI load balancers.

B. Compare SQL performance before and after changes:

SPA evaluates the effect of configuration changes, upgrades, or patches on SQL performance.

Provides insights into whether a change improves or degrades query performance.

C. Generate performance impact reports:

SPA generates reports summarizing the effects of specific changes on SQL workload performance.

Helps DBAs make informed decisions before implementing changes in production.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. Automatically rewriting SQL:SPA does not modify queries; it only analyzes and compares performance.

D. Suggesting indexing strategies:SPA evaluates performance impacts, but indexing recommendations are made by the SQL Tuning Advisor.

B. Managing the Oracle Grid Infrastructure software stack:

Customers are responsible for the installation, configuration, and maintenance of the Oracle Grid Infrastructure when using BaseDB VMs.

This includes managing Oracle Clusterware and Automatic Storage Management (ASM) if applicable.

Ensuring the Grid Infrastructure's availability and performance is part of customer-managed tasks.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. Hardware fault tolerance:Managed by Oracle Cloud Infrastructure.

C. Hypervisor maintenance:Handled by Oracle as part of the OCI infrastructure.

D. Security patching:While OCI provides tools, the responsibility for OS patching lies with the customer.

A. Generate recommendations for SQL plan baselines:

ADDM analyzes historical data andSQL execution plans, suggesting baseline adjustments to optimize performance.

Recommendations may includeusing an existing baselineor creating a new one.

C. Identify performance bottlenecks:

ADDM pinpoints issues related to:

I/O contention

CPU utilization

Memory bottlenecks

Locking issues

Helps DBAs understand which database components are causing slowdowns.

Why the other options are incorrect:

B. Automatically applying recommendations:ADDM only suggests actions; DBAs must manually review and implement them.

D. Creating indexes:ADDM does not create indexes automatically; it may suggest them, but implementation requires DBA action.

B. Full root access:

Customers have root-level access to manage the OS, install custom software, and configure settings.

This provides flexibility to meet specific application requirements.

D. Responsibility for OS security:

With root access, customers must manage OS security, including updates and patches.

Oracle provides tools to facilitate patching, but the responsibility lies with the customer.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. Restricted SSH access:SSH access is allowed for VM DB systems.

C. Oracle-managed OS patching:Oracle does not automatically patch the OS; this is a customer responsibility.

E. Initial OS installation by customers:The OS is pre-installed, but ongoing maintenance is customer-driven.

B. Access OS metrics using the OCI Metrics Explorer within the OCI Console leveraging the Oracle Cloud Agent.

OCI Metrics Explorer is part of the OCI Monitoring service.

The Oracle Cloud Agent collects OS-level metrics and makes them available through the OCI Console.

Users can view metrics like CPU usage, memory utilization, and disk I/O.

E. Access OS metrics programmatically via the OCI Monitoring APIs:

The Oracle Cloud Agent collects OS metrics and exposes them via OCI Monitoring APIs.

This approach allows for automated data retrieval and integration with external monitoring tools.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. vmcli utility:This is not a standard tool for accessing OS-level metrics on Base Database Service VMs.

C. Custom monitoring agent:While possible, it is not the primary or only method. Oracle Cloud Agent is the default tool.

D. Automatically pushed to the Cloud Exadata Service Dashboard:This statement is incorrect as OS metrics are available through OCI Monitoring.

Database Management Prerequisites:

To enable Database Management, the following are necessary:

A:The database must be running to collect metrics.

B:IAM policies must grant access to the management service.

D:The Oracle Management Agent must be configured to collect data.

However,automatic backupsare not a requirement for enabling Database Management, as the service focuses onperformance monitoring and management, not data recovery.

Why the other options are correct:

Ensuring the database is running and accessible is essential for monitoring.

Proper IAM policies are crucial for security and data access.

The Management Agent facilitates data collection.

HeatWave's Processing Model:

HeatWave usescolumnar in-memory processingto optimize analytical workloads. Storing data in columns rather than rows allows HeatWave toprocess large datasets efficiently, reducing the volume of data scanned and improving query performance. This is crucial for OLAP operations that involveaggregating and analyzing data.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A:Row-based processing is typical for OLTP workloads, not analytical.

B:HeatWave operates primarily in memory, not disk.

D:Indexing enhances performance but is not the primary processing paradigm.

E:Key-value processing is typical in NoSQL databases, not analytical systems.

A:Exadata VM Clusters can be managed independently from the Exadata Infrastructure. This means you can start or stop the cluster without affecting the infrastructure, which provides flexibility for maintenance and performance tuning.

E:The VM Cluster can be terminated without impacting the Exadata Infrastructure. This feature is useful when you want to reassign the infrastructure resources to a new or different cluster.

Why the other options are incorrect:

B:While some adjustments might not need a reboot, core count scaling often requires restarting.

C:Patching the infrastructure and the VM Cluster are separate processes.

D:Changing the infrastructure shape does not automatically adjust VM Cluster resources. Manual reconfiguration is needed.

C. Private subnet for client network:

Essential for secure access to the databases hosted on the Exadata Database Service instance.

Ensures that client connections are restricted and managed through private IPs.

E. Private subnet for database backups:

Used to securely connect to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage for storing backups.

Enables data protection without exposing the backup traffic to the public internet.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. Public subnet for monitoring:Not required; secure access can be configured through private subnets.

B. Service Gateway:Optional, used for connecting to Oracle services without using the public internet.

D. NAT Gateway:Not mandatory unless specific outbound connectivity is required.

MySQL Slow Query Log:

TheMySQL Slow Query Logrecords queries that exceed a specified execution time threshold. It is essential for identifyinglong-running queriesthat may be causing performance bottlenecks.

OCI Logging Analytics:

By integrating the slow query log withOCI Logging Analytics, users can visualize query performance patterns, generate alerts, and identify the root cause of slow performance. This combination is powerful for detecting and addressingquery-specific issues.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A:OCI Vault is used for managing encryption keys, not query performance.

B:OCI Events track general occurrences, not detailed query performance.

D:Network latency analysis is useful but not directly related to query analysis.

E:OCI Bastion provides secure access, not performance analytics.

B. Using Data Guard for physical standby and switchover:

This method enablesminimal downtimemigration.

Steps:

Configure Data Guard to synchronize thestandby databasewith the primary on-premises database.

Once synchronized, perform aswitchoverto make the standby the new primary.

Downtime is limited to the switchover duration.

This approach leveragesreal-time replicationto minimize disruption.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. Export/Import with Data Pump:Too time-consuming for large databases.

C. Full backup and restore:High downtime due to the time required for data transfer and restoration.

D. Copying via SQL Developer:Not feasible for mission-critical and large databases due to slow transfer speeds.

C. CSV, Parquet, and Avro files:

HeatWave Lakehousecan directly query data stored inOCI Object Storagewithout loading it into MySQL.

Supports widely-used data formats:

CSV (Comma Separated Values): Simple, text-based data format.

Parquet: Columnar storage format optimized for analytical queries.

Avro: Row-oriented format used for data serialization.

This versatility allows integrating data from various sources and querying directly.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. Only CSV files:HeatWave supports more than just CSV.

B. Only Parquet files:HeatWave also supports CSV and Avro.

D. Only JSON files:JSON is not directly supported by HeatWave Lakehouse.

E. Only XML files:XML is not directly supported.

Principle of Least Privilege:

The principle of least privilege states that users should only be granted the minimum permissions necessary to perform their tasks. This reduces the risk of accidental or malicious actions that could compromise data integrity or security.

In the context ofOracle NoSQL Database Cloud Service, implementing this principle involves configuringIdentity and Access Management (IAM) policiesto precisely define which users or groups can perform specific actions (such as read, write, delete) on particular tables. By limiting access, the system minimizes potential attack vectors and the impact of compromised accounts.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A:Granting full administrative access violates the least privilege principle and increases security risks.

C:Encryption is important, but it addresses data confidentiality, not access control.

D:Backing up data is good practice, but storing backups in a publicly accessible location is insecure.

SDK Function:

An SDK simplifies database interaction by providing libraries and tools that abstract away the complexities of the underlying API. This allows developers to use familiar programming languages and constructs to interact with the database.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A:Physical storage layout is managed by the database service, not the SDK.

C:Infrastructure management is handled by cloud providers, not the SDK.

D:Network security policies are managed via OCI console or infrastructure tools, not the SDK.

Database Software Upgrade:

When upgrading theOracle Database software versionon aBaseDB VM, a newOracle Homeis created to house the upgraded software. Once the database is moved to this new home, the process isnot easily reversible.

Rolling back would requiredowngrading, which is a complex and risky process.

The new Oracle Home ensures that the upgraded database environment isisolated from the previous version, preventing compatibility conflicts.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A:Grid Infrastructure upgrades can be managed independently of the database upgrade.

B:Scaling VMs is a reversible operation.

D:OS patches do not impact the Oracle Home directly.

E:ASM configuration changes are reversible.